PRONOUNS

Apa itu PRONOUNS?

Pronouns replace nouns. A different pronoun is required depending on two elements: the noun being replaced and the function that noun has in the sentence. In English, pronouns only take the gender of the noun they replace in the 3rd person singular form. The 2nd person plural pronouns are identical to the 2nd person singular pronouns except for the reflexive pronoun.

	Subject Pronoun	Object Pronoun	Possessive Adjective (Determiner)	Possessive Pronoun	Reflexive or Intensive Pronoun
1st person singular	I	me	my	mine	Myself
2nd person singular	you	you	your	yours	Yourself
3rd person singular, male	he	him	his	his	Himself
3rd person singular, female	she	her	her	hers	Herself
3rd person singular, neutral	it	it	its		Itself
1st person plural	we	us	our	ours	Ourselves
2nd person plural	you	you	your	yours	Yourselves
3rd person plural	they	them	their	theirs	Themselves

SUBJECT PRONOUNS

Subject pronouns replace nouns that are the subject of their clause. In the 3rd person, subject pronouns are often used to avoid repetition of the subject's name.

EXAMPLES

• I am 16.
• You seem lost.
• Jim is angry, and he wants Sally to apologize.
• This table is old. It needs to be repainted.
• We aren't coming.
• They don't like pancakes.

OBJECT PRONOUNS

Object pronouns are used to replace nouns that are the direct or indirect object of a clause.

EXAMPLES

• Give the book to me.
• The teacher wants to talk to you.
• Jake is hurt because Bill hit him.
• Rachid recieved a letter from her last week.
• Mark can't find it.
• Don't be angry with us.
• Tell them to hurry up!

POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES (DETERMINERS)

Possessive adjectives are not pronouns, but rather determiners. It is useful to learn them at the same time as pronouns, however, because they are similar in form to the possessive pronouns. Possessive adjectives function as adjectives, so they appear before the noun they modify. They do not replace a noun as pronouns do.

EXAMPLES

• Did mother find my shoes?
• Mrs. Baker wants to see your homework.
• Can Jake bring over his baseball cards?
• Samantha will fix her bike tomorrow.
• The cat broke its leg.
• This is our house.
• Where is their school?

POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Possessive pronouns replace possessive nouns as either the subject or the object of a clause. Because the noun being replaced doesn't appear in the sentence, it must be clear from the context.

EXAMPLES

• This bag is mine.
• Yours is not blue.
• That bag looks like his.
• These shoes are not hers.
• That car is ours.
• Theirs is parked in the garage.

REFLEXIVE & INTENSIVE PRONOUNS

Reflexive and intensive pronouns are the same set of words but they have different functions in a sentence.

Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject of the clause because the subject of the action is also the direct or indirect object. Only certain types of verbs can be reflexive. You cannot remove a reflexive pronoun from a sentence because the remaining sentence would be grammatically incorrect.

EXAMPLES

• I told myself to calm down.
• You cut yourself on this nail?
• He hurt himself on the stairs.
• She found herself in a dangerous part of town.
• The cat threw itself under my car!
• We blame ourselves for the fire.
• The children can take care of themselves.

Intensive pronouns emphasize the subject of a clause. They are not the object of the action. The intensive pronoun can always be removed from a sentence without changing the meaning significantly, although the emphasis on the subject will be removed. Intensive pronouns can be placed immediately after the subject of the clause, or at the end of the clause.

EXAMPLES

• I made these cookies myself.
• You yourself asked Jake to come.
• The Pope himself pardoned Mr. Brown.
• My teacher didn't know the answer herself.
• The test itself wasn't scary, but my teacher certainly is.
• We would like to finish the renovation before Christmas ourselves.
• They themselves told me the lost shoe wasn't a problem.

Reference : https://www.ef.com/wwen/english-resources/english-grammar/pronouns/ on date 3 july 2019

Subject, Verb, Complement dan Modifier

Apa itu SUBJECT, VERB, COMPLEMENT & MODIFIER?

a.      SUBJECT

Subject adalah tentang apa atau siapa yang dibicarakan dalam suatu kalimat atau klausa. Adapun subjek dapat berupa orang, hewan, benda, maupun konsep abstrak.

Setiap complete subject pada dasarnya dibangun oleh satu atau lebih noun atau pronoun dengan/tanpa tambahan modifier(s) yang dapat berupa article (the, an, an), adjective, dan prepositional phrase.

Adapun gerund dan infinitive dapat pula menempati posisi subjek.

Contoh:

-          His new car tax has already been paid by his assistant.

-          Lia and I were eating our lunch on the kitchen table.

-          The very big boarding school in this country was built in 1980.

Simple Subject and Simple Predicate

Simple subject berupa  noun atau pronoun tunggal, dengan mengesampingkan modifier(s)-nya. Sedangkan simple predicate berupa verb atau compound verb tunggal.

Contoh Kalimat	Simple Subject	Simple Predicate	Keterangan
His new car tax has already been paid by his assistant. (Pajak mobil baru dia telah dibayar oleh asistennya.)	tax	has been paid	his new car = (pre) modifier by his assistant = prepositional phrase
The very big boarding school in this country was built in 1980. (Sekolah asrama yang sangat besar di negara ini dibangun tahun 1980.)	school	was built	the very big boarding= (pre) modifier; in this country = (post) modifier; in 1980 = prepositional phrase
Open the door! (Buka pintu!)	“you”	open	Pada kalimat imperative, subjek tidak ditulis karena dianggap sudah cukup dimengerti; door = direct object
His Uncle Cal will not arrive on time. (Paman Cal akan tidak akan tiba tepat waktu.)	Uncle Cal	will arrive	his = possessive; not = adverb; on time= prepositional phrase
There was a hounted house. (Disana ada rumah berhantu.)	house	was	there = adverb; haunted = participle; a = article
Running may be hard for overweight people. (Lari mungkin sulit untuk orang yang kelebihan berat badan.)	running	may be	running = gerund; hard = adjective; for overweight people = prepositional phrase
To travel is a bad idea. (Bepergian merupakan ide yang buruk.)	to travel	is	to travel = infinitive; is = linking verb; a bad idea = subject complement

b.      VERB

Verb (kata kerja) adalah suatu kata yang berfungsi untuk menunjukkan tindakan dari subject, menunjukkan peristiwa atau keadaan. Verb merupakan satu dari delapan part of speech.

Kata kerja bahasa Inggris tidak selalu berbentuk simple (satu kata), melainkan mungkin berupa frasa hasil kombinasi dengan particle menjadi phrasal verb (get in, make up, read over).

Beberapa macam dan contoh verb antara lain sebagai berikut:

Macam Verb	Penjelasan dan Contoh
Transitive dan Intransitive Verb	Transitive diikuti direct object (ask, bring, buy, etc), sedangkan intransitive (come, arrive, go, etc) tidak. Contoh: He sent me a postcard. (Dia mengirimi saya kartu pos.) transitive Cheryl often sneezes while cleaning house. (Cheryl sering bersin-bersin ketika membersihkan rumah.) intransitive
Regular dan Irregular Verb	Pada bentuk regular (arrive, play, study, etc), past tense dan participle didapat dengan menambahkan suffix–ed pada base form sedangkan pada irregular (come, cut, swim, etc), bentuknya lebih bervariasi. Contoh: The item arrived late. (Barang tersebut tiba terlambat.) regular: arrive – arrived – arrived Some students came late. (Beberapa siswa datang terlambat.) regular: come – came – come
Action dan Stative Verb	Action verb (eat, listen, walk, etc) menyatakan bahwa sesuatu terjadi, sedangkan stative verb (love, need, want, etc) menyatakan kondisi yang cenderung tetap. Contoh: They walked hand in hand. (Mereka berjalan bergandengan.) action I prefer tea to coffee. (Saya lebih suka teh daripada kopi.) stative
Finite dan Non-Finite Verb	Finite verb (linking verb, auxiliary verb, etc) dipengaruhi tense dan subject-verb agreement, sedangkan non-finite verb (infinitive, bare infinitive, dan participle) tidak. Contoh: You are growing up so fast. (Kamu berkembang sangat cepat.) finite You’re growing up so fast. non-finite
Linking Verb	Linking verb menghubungkan subject of sentence dengan deskripsinya. Contoh: She is young and beautiful. (Dia muda dan cantik.) You look gorgeous. (Kamu terlihat sangat menarik.)
Causative Verb	Causative verb untuk menunjukkan bahwa subjek tidak bertanggungjawab langsung terhadap aksi yang terjadi. Contoh: I had my house renovated last week. (Rumah saya direnovasi minggu lalu.)

c.       COMPLIMENT

-          Biasanya berupa noun (kata benda) atau noun phrase (frasa kata benda)

-          biasanya terdapat setelah verb pada kalimat aktif

-          complement menjawab pertanyaan what (apa) atau siapa (whom)

contoh:

Sarijon bought a cake yesterday

-          What did Sarijon buy yesterday?  –> a cake.

He saw Tony at the movie

-          Whom did he see at the movie? –> Tony

I explain pharmacology to my students

-          What do I explain to my students? –> pharmacology

Catatan: Setiap kalimat tidak harus mempunyai complement.

d.      MODIFIER

-          Modifier menjelaskan time (waktu), place (tempat), atau manner (cara) dari sebuah aksi atau perbuatan

-          Bentuk yang paling umum dari modifier adalah prepositional phrase (kelompok kata yang dimulai dengan sebuah preposition dan diakhiri dengan sebuah noun

·         Preposition = on, out, under, behind, etc…

-          Modifier menjawab pertanyaan when (kapan), where (dimana), atau how (bagaimana)

Contoh:

-          John bought a book at a book fair

Where did John buy a book? –> at a book fair

-          She is driving very fast

How is she driving? –> very fast

-          I posted my application yesterday

When do I post my application? –> yesterday

Contoh lainnya:

1.      Sebagai adjective

·         She found a chocolate put on my bag ‘Put on my bag’ (participial phrase) berfungsi sebagai adjective yang menerangkan ‘chocholate’ (noun).

·         The magazine that Rena has read is very interesting ‘that Rena has read’ (adjective clause) berfungsi untuk menerangkan ‘the book’ (noun).

2.      Sebagai adverb

·         He plays violin so beautifully

unsur-unsur Subject, Verb, Complement dan Modifier dalam contoh kalimat :

We   studied   grammar   last week.

 S          V            C                M

Referensi:

- Staffsite universitas gunadarma (https://www.google.com/search?q=learn+Subject%2C+Verb%2C+Complement+%26+Modifier&oq=learn+Subject%2C+Verb%2C+Complement+%26+Modifier&aqs=chrome..69i57j33.6085j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#) di akses pada 3 juli 2019

Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Universitas Gunadarma

Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Universitas Gunadarma

            Kenapa sih kita perlu belajar Bahasa inggris dari TK sampai masuk Universitas pun masih belajar Bahasa inggris? Menurut saya belajar Bahasa inggris itu penting. Bahasa inggris merupakan Bahasa internasional yang bisa menjadi penghubung antar negara dengan Bahasa yang berbeda di di setiap negara. Memiliki pengetahuan dalam berbahasa Inggris merupakan salah satu aset yang paling besar di dunia tingkat profesional dalam mengembangkan karier yang kita punya. Untuk meningkatkan karier, tentu kita harus dapat menjalin hubungan dengan perusahan-perusahaan lain. Entah karier dalam bidang apapun yang menggunakan bahasa asing seperti halnya bidang pemerintahan, travelling, pendidikan, komunikasi, hukum, iklan maupun perekonomian.

            Kemampuan kita dalam menguasai bahasa Inggris tentu akan mengantar kita dalam berkomunikasi dan menjalin hubungan dengan perusahan dari berbagai bidang tersebut. Saat ini, kita tahu bahwa pemimpin dalam pengembangan inovasi teknis dan juga pembangunan ekonomi di dunia saat ini dipegang oleh dua negara, yaitu China dan Amerika. Dua negara tersebut tentu saja menjadi elemen utama untuk menstabilkan perekonomian dunia. Maka, disinilah alasan pentingnya belajar bahasa Inggris selanjutnya. Di era yang semakin maju seperti sekarang ini dalam mencari suatu hal atau pengetahuan tidak dapat pungkiri bahwa informasi yang berkualitas menggunakan Bahasa inggris. Informasi yang berkualitas dapat membantu kita dalam melakukan pencarian infomasi sehingga secara tidak langsung kita dapat menambah pengetahuan.

            Selain dalam dunia Pendidikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, penggunaan Bahasa inggris juga sangat penting salah satunya jika kita menonton film. Pada kenyataannya, film yang berkualitas dan beredar secara internasional adalah film yang berbahasa Inggris. Akan sangat tidak nyaman jika kita menonton film berfokus pada subtitle atau terjemahan film tidak berfokus pada gambar film tersebut. Sungguh tidak nyaman bukan? Namun masih banyak lagi manfaat dari berbahasa inggris.

            Setelah kita mengetahui pentingnya belajar berbahasa inggris, saya akan menceritakan tentang proses belajar Bahasa inggris di Universitas Gunadarma. Saya mendapatkan mata kuliah Bahasa inggris bermula dari awal masuk Universitas tersebut sampai saat sini saya menduduki tingkat akhir. Awal pembelajaran Bahasa inggris yang dilakukan dosen pertama pengajaran adalah meminta mahasiswa melakukan perkenalan diri mengunakan Bahasa inggris dan  mengetes mahasiswa apa saja yang telah di pelajari saat SMA, jika mampu menjawab, maka akan mendapatkan point tambahan pertama, selain itu dosen juga mengajarkan grammar dan cara melafalkan pengucapan Bahasa inggris yang benar.

            Lalu pada tingkat selanjutnya kami belajar tentang Verb Phrases & Tenses, Vocabulary, Subject, Verb, Complement & Modifier. Pelajaran selanjutnya yang berkesan buat saya adalah saat belajar Form And Style of Business Letter, dalam pelajaran tersebut di ajarkan bagaimana membuat surat resmi yang akan sangat berguna saat menempati dunia pekerjaan nanti, selain itu ada juga yang membuat saya sangat senang mempelajarinya yaitu tentang business meeting yang dimana di ajarkan bagaimana cara melakukan business meeting diantaranya cara melakukan pembukaan sebuah business meeting, merespon setiap lawan pembicara, menyimpulkan hasil business meeting, dan penutupan yang baik dan benar. Lalu ada juga mempelajarai bagaimana mempresentasikan sebuah produk dari sisi penjual ke konsumen yang tentunya menggunakan Bahasa inggris yang baik dan benar. Menurut saya pembelajaran Bahasa inggris di Universitas sangat berguna untuk menjadi bekal saat melamar pekerjaan dan bekerja nanti. Namun saya masih harus mengembangkan keahlian saya dalam berbahasa inggris.

           

CV & Application Letter

CV

Application Letter

Tria Cahya Dita Nusa

Private email: triacahyaadn@gmail.com

Mobile Phone: +6282299884024

May 5, 2019

To: Head of Human Resources

MG Group

Jl. Kyai Maja No.1

Jakarta

Dear, Mr/Mrs

I am writing to express my interest in applying as an Auditor Content that was advertised on Kompas, on 31st March 2019. I am currently a student at Gunadarma University studying information system Although I have been studying full time. I have had a number of freelance jobs which have helped me to gain experience in editing. My computer skill are very good, and I have an excellent record as a reliable, productive employe. I am highly motivated, analytical, independent, fast leaner, assertive, reliable as a team and individual.  I believe I would be an asset to your company. I would like to have the opportunity to talk to you further about my application. I am available for interview at any time and I can be contacted at (+62) 822 9988 4024.

Your consideration on my application is highly appreciated.

Sincerely,

Tria Cahya Dita Nusa

Personal Description

Hai! My name is tria cahya dita nusa,

My first name is Tria and my last name is Nusa, but, you can call me Tia or Tria. I got this name from my father, but my last name I got from my doctor when I was born, the meaning of this name is a third child that will gift a light. I am 22^th years old, I was born in 9^th June 1997 at Jakarta but now I live in Griya Residance Blok J6 no.10, Tangerang. My father is a doctor in Cipto Hospital, his name is Mr. Bambang, he like to cook padangnese food, like rendang, gulai and many more. My Father has passed away since I was 6^th grade and My Mother is a teacher at 29 Junior High School, you can call her Mrs. Riri. She often makes some cakes, the cakes she made are brownis, breads, sponge cake, cupcakes, lapis legit, cheese stick, and pancakes in many flavor. Actualy she can only make dessert, she can not make an appetizer or main course but she loves to learn how to make them. I have one brother and one sister and they are Kiki and Diana. My sister and I are always be together because we have one year range of age. That’s why my sister always take care of me at school. 

I graduated from high school in SMA PSKD 4. At that time I am committed to continue my study to a higher level. Right now I am sitting in one of the universities, namely the University Gunadarma, I have take 7 semesters for the moment, and I really want to finish my studies as soon as possible, I doing major in System Information faculty of computer science and information technology. In there I learn about system, hardware, software, computer and anything about how to make some information in these era digital. Beside that I like to learn biology. 

Range of my house and my campus it is so far that is way I use public transportation, I use train and when I arrive at station I use Gojek, to my final destination. My hobbies is cook, I like cook some dessert like my mother did, I like to cook some main course too. I like playing with my pets, and I have three cats and one kitten. 

I have an experience is I work part time in yogrt as a auditor content, I will tell you what it is yogrt, yogrt is a location-based social media app in which never miss the hottest things happening around you. Explore new friendship and events nearby, meet people who have similar interest as yours, and build social club. My jobdesk is monitoring content, check incoming reported post from user. From there I learn how to be discipline, on time, and carefull.